Evaluation of artificial insemination in ecuadorian creole hens

Abstract

Gallus gallus domesticus (Creole chicken) is one of the most important poultry species in traditional production systems, serving as a crucial source of protein for various human populations. This study evaluated the reproductive efficiency of artificial insemination in Ecuadorian Creole chickens, analyzing seminal parameters and their relationship to reproductive performance under controlled conditions. The research was conducted in the province of Orellana, Canton of Coca, using an experimental approach and manipulating critical variables such as motility, concentration, and seminal volume, insemination frequency, and environmental conditions (temperature and humidity). These parameters were monitored and adjusted to assess their effect on fertility and hatchability. A total of 200 hens and 20 healthy roosters were used. The roosters were trained to facilitate semen collection through cloacal massage, while the hens were provided with a balanced diet consisting of traditional grains and fresh vegetables. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U test to compare fertility and hatchability. The results showed that the semen of the Creole roosters exhibited an average motility of 85%, a concentration of 1450 million spermatozoa/mL, and a volume per dose of 0.2 mL. Environmental conditions remained stable, with an average temperature of 37.54°C and relative humidity of 68%. The insemination frequency was 4.5 applications per hen. The fertility rate reached 80.08%, and the hatchability percentage was 75%, demonstrating that artificial insemination is a viable method for Creole chickens. It is concluded that seminal quality, environmental management, and proper technique are key factors for high reproductive efficiency.